Cancer treatment to revolutionize sooner by the discovery of CAR T-cell therapy:

 Cancer treatment to revolutionize sooner by the discovery of CAR T-cell therapy:

T-cell receptors attacking a cancer cell

The immunologist team at Cardiff University has found a treatment called CAR T-cells therapy (also called Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cells therapy).  The therapy has succeeded to cure all kinds of cancer(skin, breast, prostate, etc.) during a lab test but the therapy is not tested in a patient for now. Even though the test has not been conducted among patients, researchers have told that there is huge potential for its success.

HOW DOES THE THERAPY WORK?

Researchers have found that there is a significant type of immune cell present in our body which acts as an anti-virus , helping to destroy cancer cells. The cell was primarily found inside human blood, the cell scans the body and assesses whether the body is having any threat or not that needs to be defended or eliminated. The cell is known as T-cell. The T-cell includes a receptor that acts on a chemical level that finds the cancerous cells and kills them, leaving normal cells untouched. The T-cell interacts with a molecule called MR1 which is included on a surface of every cell which helps to flag the cancerous cells, defecting our metabolism. Many scientists previously believed that this process is not possible but the process is seen to have greater findings or solutions in defending and curing our body of cancer.   

IMPORTANCE OF THIS THERAPY:

 T-cell cancer therapies have already been conducted by the development of genetic engineering, also called immunotherapy. The discovery of CAR-T , a living drug that is genetically engineered to fight against cancer cell has shown unstable results letting patients into complete remission to being terminally ill. But The finding of generating CAR-T cell receptors is now believed to be the universal cure to every kind of cancer. 

Since this therapy is only tested in the lab, there are still no practical results among patients. Scientists have planned to do this therapy among patients in the following ways:

1. Extract the T-cells by taking the sample of blood from the patient.
2. Modify the T-cells to T-cells receptor through the genetic process.
3. The harmless virus present in T-cells helps to find out cancer cells.
4. The T-cells are again duplicated in the lab.
5. Finally, the CAR-T cells are injected into the patients.

 However, this has only be done among animals and on cells in the lab and more safety checks are required to test this in human patients. Experts are so optimistic and excited about this therapy, But still, it has so many things to be noted and looks like it is too early to jump into conclusion. Experts hope that CAR T-cell therapy will soon come in practice to cure every cancer disease.